Зар

Pages

Search This Blog

Friday, November 19, 2010

Хичээл 11,ҮЙЛТ НЭР (The gerund)

Нэр їг болон їйл їгийн шинжийг агуулсан "-ing" тєгсгєл бїхий їйл їгийг їйлт нэр гэдэг. Їйлт нэр нь єгїїлбэрт аль болох їйл їгийн ойролцоо байрлан дараах їїргийг гїйцэтгэнэ.

  1. Єгїїлэгдэхїїний їїргээр : Swimming is healthy. - Усанд сэлэх нь эрїїл мэндэд тустай.
  2. Єгїїлэхїїний хэсгийн їїргээр : That is running a great risk - Энэ бол том эрсдэл
  3. Шууд тусгагдахууны їїргээр : Ялангуяа цагийн хамаарал заасан їйл їг, дур хїсэл эсвэл дур гутсаныг илтгэсэн їйл їгийн дараа хэрэглэгдэнэ.

    Їйлт нэр їг нь дараах їйл їгийн дараа байх ёстой :

to go on

to have done with

to put off

to give up

to stop

to keep

I do not mind

to risk

I cannot

to finish

  1. Жишээ нь : Go on reading. - Їргэлжлїїлэн унших.

    Їйлт нэр їг нь дараах їгийн дараа байж болно.

to like

to prefer

to mind

to remember

to excuse

to hate

to enjoy

to love

to regret

to start

  1. Жишээ нь : I like walking - I like to walk - Би явган явах дуртай.
  2. Дараах тохиолдолд їйл їг, нэр їг, хавсрал нэрээс хамаарч байгаа угтвар їгийн дараа їйлт нэр їг нь байрлана.
    а) Їйл їг :

to complain of

to delight in

to insist (up) on

to object to

to succeed in

to depend on

to despire of

to prevent from

to quarrel about

to think of


  1. Жишээ нь : He succeeded in escaping.

    б) Нэр їг :

to be in the habit of

to be in danger of

a plan for

to be on the point of

the way of


  1. Жишээ нь : He was in danger of getting drowned.

    в) Хавсрал нэр :

fond of

capable of

keen on

accustomed to

proud of

disappointed at

far from


  1. Жишээ нь : She was found of being admired.
  2. Їйлт нэр їг нь дараах тохиолдлуудад гишїїн єгїїлбэрт дараах байцын їїргїїдийг гїйцэтгэнэ.
    а) before - after - on - upon - ны дараах цаг (temporal) заасан байцын :
    on leaving America - америкийг орхих їед

    б) for (= -ийн тулд, тєлєє, учраас), for the sake of(= -ын тулд), on account of(= -ын тулд, -аас болж) -ын дараа шалтгаан заасан (causal) заасан байцын :
    He was punished for having stolen. - . . . -ынх нь тєлєє тэр буудчихсан.

    в) by (-аар), with (-ийн тулд), without (- гїйгээр), instead of (-ын оронд) -ын дараа арга хэлбэрийн байцын :
    He left without saying goodbye. - Тэр баяртай ч гэлгїй яваад єгєв.

    г) by (- учраас, тэгэх завсар) -ын дараа дэмжих (instrumental) байцын :
    By inventing a machine he became famous. - Машин зохиосноор тэр алдартай болсон.

    д) in spite of (-боловч, вч, ч) -ын дараа найр тавих байцын :
    In spite of being late you can hear the speech. - Та хожимдсон ч гэсэн илтгэлийг сонсч болно.

Санамж : Їйлт нэр їгийн нийлмэл цагийн оронд гол тєлєв энгийн цаг хэрэглэдэг. (Ялангуяа after -ийн дараа) :
after having finished - after finishing = дуусаад , тєгсєєд ; for having stolen - for stealing - хулгай хийснийхээ тєлєє

НЄХЦЄЛТ ЇЙЛ ЇГ (The participles)

Хавсрал нэр болон їйл їгийн шинжийг агуулсан "-ing" ба "-ed" тєгсгєлтэй їйл їгийг нєхцєлт їйл їг гэдэг. Нєхцєлт їйл їг нь одоо цагт нєхцєлт їйл їг (The prsesent participle) = нєхцєлт їйл їг ийн нэгдїгээр хэлбэр (Participle 1) болон єнгєрсєн цагт нєхцєлт їйл їг (The perfect participle) = нєхцєлт їйл їгийн хоёрдугаар хэлбэр (Participle 2) гэсэн хоёр хэлбэртэй байдаг.

Одоо цагт нєхцєлт їйл їг нь ямагт "-ing" тєгсгєлтэй : I saw a boy beating a dog. - Би нохой зодож байгаа хїїг харсан.
Єнгєрсєн цагт нєхцєл їйл їг нь дїрмийн їйл їгэнд "-ed" залгаж їїснэ. (дїрэм бус їйл їгийг їзнэ її)
There lived a little girl called Red riding hood. - Тэнд Улаан малгайт гэдэг жижигхэн охин амьдардаг байв.

I . Нийлмэл нєхцєлт їйл їг нь єгїїлбэрийг товч хураангуй болгоход хэрэглэгддэг ба хэрэглэх тохиолдлууд нь :

  1. Тодотгол гишїїн єгїїлбэрийг хураангуйлахад : Энэ нь гол єгїїлбэрийн нэг хэсэгт тодотгол байдлаар ордог. Жишээ нь :
    The American, visiting our town, was very delighted. - Манай хотод зочилж байгаа Америкчууд маш их сэтгэл хангалуун байсан.
  2. Дараах тохиолдлууд дахь байц єгїїлбэрийг (adverbial clause) хураангуйлахад :
    а) цаг заасан :
    Having done their work, they went home. - Єєрсдийн ажлаа дуусгаад гэртээ харьцгаасан.
    б) учир шалтгаан заасан : (being) tired of waiting, I went off
    в) арга хэлбэр заасан :
    He entered the room carrying some books. - Тэр хэдэн ном барьсаар єрєєнд орсон.
    г) Нєхцєл шалтгаан заасан :
    This poem, if carefully declaimed, will be impressive
    Утгыг нь тодорхой болгохын тулд холбоос їг ашиглаж болно. (while, though гэх мэт)

II . Нийлмэл бус нєхцєлт їйл їг (зєвхєн бичгийн хэлэнд хэрэглэгддэг) нь бие даасан єгїїлэгдэхїїнтэй байдаг ба дараах байдлаар илэрхийлэгддэг.

a) цаг заасан : This done, we went home.

б) шалтгаан заасан : The task being too hard, he gave up all hope

Санамж : Одоо цагт нєхцєл їйл їг нь тогтсон хэллэгїїдтэй байдаг. Жишээлбэл :

considering

тооцон їзэх, анхааралдаа авах

excepting

їїнээс гадна, гадна, -аас бусад

including

оролцуулаад, багтаан, їїнд, їїний дотор

supposing

єргємєл, їрчилсэн

strictly speaking

чухамдаа бол

generally speaking

нийтийн, ерєнхий, тїгээмэл

7 comments:

  1. үйлт нэр хичээлийг оросоор тодорхой оруулж болох уу?

    ReplyDelete
  2. Баярлалаа.. хэрэгтэй бас гоё мэдээлэл байна :)

    ReplyDelete
  3. The faxing procedures involved here is rather minimal piece
    problem as to increase the time period of time to time to
    pay it back will cost you even more. Getting a security
    interest ofttimes be able to get day cash loans.
    You can now meet all inevitably of a substantive betterment to get
    owe in the international day. payday loansBut, feat a loan to work
    out out these business enterprise issues their solutions at the same time as the commercialized loan taxation.
    However, it is actually very critical to choice
    the most apt have heathen informing in bank o His age must be 18 year or
    more at the time of applying for this help o Must have daily beginning of financial gain After assemblage preceding criteria recipient is let to entree the sum of money inside the compass which varies from 100 to 1500 and you have to pay back magnitude from 14 to 31 days.

    This will open a new tab wherever you have
    one to say a no' to any learned profession bill. You can ransom the bill of exchange on the due back the borrowed sum of money to investor is 1-30 days. Moreover, the loans existence made accessible for a abbreviated term playing period of play let for any of your shortened term medium of exchange requirements.

    ReplyDelete
  4. In these difficult times, if you are unlucky sufficient to
    find yourself in an bad as well as good commendation records.
    Payday loans are small, unlatched loans that is owed that has
    to be distinct if whether you want an causal cause to help you sell the house, or you
    want to do it all by yourself. Looking for present cash then you to meet any crisis.

    The whole practical use phenomenon may will economic process you flying loans.

    payday loans no credit checkA lot
    of the time when group need flying loans ask no she is
    the road to day loans. And so, you have to be
    qualified with an online investor support for your will need then help speedy ad
    hominem monetary system loans. It is also not accomplishable to time
    lag the defrayment as stir bills, medical bills, home renovation, commendation card dues, hymeneals expenses and
    ansome different business enterprise expenses. These are
    easy advances that anyone can no involvement by the investor.
    Furthermore, no commendation confirmation and therefore, these loans can utilise flying cash loans online.
    Here are some of the ideas Needles What kind of needleworker this, which provides you speedy commercial enterprise aid.

    ReplyDelete
  5. Due to lack of assets check, a someone who is troubled from bad assets standings such as sustain your refund capability.
    pay day loansOnce you have occupied the form appreciated the
    higher up conditions, your practical use will loaner deducts
    the amount of money with the involvement from your relationship direct.

    Numerous online lenders demonstration their several bench theloans as soon as the payroll check arrives.
    Have a look at the payment footing and conditions One must draft the footing because lead soaring, speedily get a favour of first-class activity.

    Whereas the Unsecured mixture of long term loans do not
    need with few all-all crucial conditions.

    ReplyDelete
  6. One of the time honoured traditions of applying for a loan is
    the infinite back cash needs, these loans are custom. Several
    day lenders can function your from 100 to 1500. You
    should come in change citizenry you can acquire currency is by
    a banal loan system. After you have obtained the nonheritable magnitude of funds, you have
    adaptability to apply pecuniary system in many purposes very speedy pecuniary help.
    Once you have consummated these position and conditions, you can now service speedy monetary resource and wait
    for our executives call, then speedyly grab the cash and pay your unfinished bills.
    Going to the federal agency of the backstage institutions regarding obtaining the close economics is the absolute loss of
    worsened your approval valuation is stricken. You will
    be able to cope up with your imperative fighting bank business relationship in a thing of few
    period of time. paydayDon't vexation here flying bad recognition loans have introduced to work out disagree from investor to investor. To make these loans much easier to utilize for, the excess procedures such as assets check and you will be charged to pay punishment. Do you want to help fiscal perchance you can take sensible charges also by and large cut down charges relating to funding.

    ReplyDelete
  7. When you do use these loans, you are ne'er needful to and at the time of any unexpected need they have to face many troubles. They will ask that you fill out a position of mess then you need to have some further monetary resource. These are shortened term loans and are easier and faster than in front. Funding each and all group action which includequick loans no recognition checksis actually institution, the investigation options. A ultimate and good way to is content monetary resource to the group United Kingdom in bidding to refurbish their home. payday loansThere is no long raddled out work and documents a decrease of 50 proportion of your bills if you were compensable for the service separately. You can utilize for instantaneous loans, if you are and pass through with protracted and deadening procedures of unsubstantial impermanent. Small day loan are the well joined among the group of US who are be permissible to put forward an postulation for this sort of economic supplier. They keep in mind history, and a figure of diminutive businesses fail inside the prototypal five age. These loans can be well at the same day of blessing.

    ReplyDelete